Articles by "India"

3-4 minutesImage result for Shock as hands transform after transplant
Doctors have been left baffled after an amputee’s new hands miraculously changed to blend in with her body.Image result for Shock as hands transform after transplant
Shreya Siddanagowder didn’t hesitate when she was offered new hands – even though they were big, dark and hairy, and once belonged to a man, The Sun reports.
However, the hands have now become more slender and changed colour to match her skin tone – mystifying the doctors who carried out the rare 13-hour transplant.
“The donor was a tall man with big spindly fingers,” Shreya’s mother Suma told AFP by phone from their home in Pune in western India.
“Now nobody can make out that they are a man’s hands … She has even started wearing jewellery and nail varnish.”
Shreya’s life was turned upside down in 2016 when, aged 18, she was involved in a bus accident that crushed both her arms.
A delay in getting first aid meant that both her hands had to be amputated below the elbow.
Only 200 successful hand transplants have taken place worldwide – including nine in India – since the first in the United States in 1999 on a man whose left lower limb had been blown off by a firework.
The first in India was conducted in 2015 at the Amrita Institute of Medical science (AIMS) in the southern state of Kerala, where Shreya’s family took her.
The biggest problem was finding a donor as, for cultural reasons, Indian families are often reluctant for the hands of their loved ones to be made available after their death.
“Usually you have to wait for a long time,” said Subramania Iyer, a member of a team of doctors who operated on Shreya.
As a result, those seeking a transplant “are so desperate that they don’t mind if the hands are from a different gender”, Iyer, a specialist in reconstructive surgery added.
Eventually, the hospital obtained a pair of hands from a man in August 2017 and Shreya and her family accepted.
The donor hands were first attached by the bones before the tendons, blood vessels and skin were painstakingly stitched together.
After the transplant, she had to undergo more than a year of physiotherapy for her body and brain to get used to the new hands and obtain mobility and sensation.
Iyer said that the colour of Shreya’s hands quickly began to show “a lot of change”, but that it is difficult to pinpoint why.
“It could be because of MSH … a brain-controlled hormone that stimulates melanin production. We are wondering if MSH levels can really influence the skin colour.”
Melanin is a natural pigment that gives skin – as well as hair and eyes – their colour.
Dr Shehla Agarwal, a leading dermatologist in New Delhi, said that the absence of testosterone explained why the hands became less hairy, and agreed that other hormonal changes might explain the change in colour.
But she also cited other possible factors.
“The donor male may have been exposed to more sunlight and physical activity compared to the woman,” Agarwal told AFP.
Shreya, on her part is loving the transformation – she even wrote her recent college exam with her new hands – and so are her doctors.
“We all feel very happy for her,” said Iyer.
“The best moment was when she sent me a handwritten note on my birthday. I could not have asked for a better birthday gift.”
This story first appeared in The Sun and has been republished here with permission .
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2 minutes
People dance as they throw coloured powder at each other during Holi, the festival of colours, celebrations in Kolkata, India March 10, 2020. REUTERS/Rupak De Chowdhuri
NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India’s Hindu festival of Holi was subdued on Tuesday with fears of the coronavirus putting a damper on the usually boisterous celebration marked by the throwing of colored powder and dousing with dyed water.
The two-day spring festival is a rowdy explosion of color, with people smearing each other’s faces with green, yellow and red powder.
But the coronavirus, which has infected nearly 40 people in India, looks set to spoil the fun this year.
“Avoid participating in large gatherings,” the Ministry of Health said in notice warning of the danger of the virus, while wishing everyone a “Happy and Safe Holi”.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has said he would not celebrate Holi this year. Shopkeepers said rumors that the colored powders and dyes revelers use in the festival were imported from China had hurt their sales.
The virus originated in China late last year.
“Customers are down by at least 50 to 60%,” said Suresh Singh, a shopkeeper in Lucknow, the capital of the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, who sells the powders and dyes.
“Usually at this time of year the market is very crowded but now it’s quiet,” Singh said. “I’m not even selling colours from China ... they’re from Delhi.”
In a suburb of Mumbai, people put up a giant effigy of the coronavirus and set it ablaze. Women sang songs to banish the virus, telling it to “go away”, videos shared on social media showed.
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Chris Thomas
India, the world’s main supplier of generic drugs, on Tuesday restricted the export of 26 pharmaceutical ingredients and drugs made from them, including paracetamol, as concern mounted the coronavirus outbreak could turn into a pandemic.
FILE PHOTO: Medical staff with protective clothing are seen inside a ward specialised in receiving any person who may have been infected with coronavirus, at the Rajiv Ghandhi Government General hospital in Chennai, India, January 29, 2020. REUTERS/P. Ravikumar
Indian pharma companies get almost 70% of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for their medicines from China.
Already, the coronavirus outbreak has disrupted businesses dependent on Chinese supplies and industry professionals say Indian generic drugmakers are likely to face supply shortages from China if the epidemic drags on.
"Export of specified APIs and formulations made from these APIs... is hereby 'restricted' with immediate effect and till further orders," the Director General of Foreign Trade said in a statement here without explaining the extent of the restrictions.
The list given by the government included 26 APIs and formulations, which amount to 10% of all exports.
“Irrespective of the ban (restrictions), some of these molecules may face shortages for the next couple of months,” Dinesh Dua, chairman, Pharmaceuticals Export Promotion Council of India (pharmexcil), told Reuters.
The council falls under the federal commerce ministry.
“If coronavirus is not contained, then in that case there could be acute shortages,” Dua said.
Separately, the government said on Tuesday it had detected “high viral load” in six people who had been in contact with a patient who contracted the coronavirus in the capital New Delhi.
The people have been kept in isolation and their samples are being sent to India's National Institute of Virology for confirmation, the government said in a statement here
On Monday, India reported three new cases of coronavirus, including an Italian national in the western Indian state of Rajasthan. The patient in New Delhi was being closely monitored but stable, the government said.
The Indian ministry of health did not immediately give further details on the cases when contacted by Reuters.
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Zeba Siddiqui
As deadly violence erupted in the northeast of New Delhi this week, with armed mobs rampaging the streets, a small hospital located in a densely packed Muslim neighborhood found itself at the epicenter of the unrest.
A Muslim man is treated at Al-Hind hospital after he was injured in a clash between people demonstrating for and against a new citizenship law in a riot affected area in New Delhi, India February 27, 2020. REUTERS/Anushree Fadnavis
Al-Hind Hospital, in the riot-torn Mustafabad neighborhood, was flooded with patients this week, and it has also become a place of refuge for people whose homes were burned or destroyed.
At least 38 people were killed and hundreds more injured in the worst sectarian violence in Delhi in decades, as groups of Hindus and Muslims clashed.
The violence began after weeks of protests over a citizenship law that Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government introduced in December, which eases the path to Indian citizenship for minority groups from neighboring Muslim-majority countries.
Critics say the law is biased against Muslims and undermines India’s secular constitution. Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party has denied having any bias against India’s 180 million Muslims.
On Thursday people were still trickling in, saying they had suffered acid attacks and beatings with rods.
Doctors described being overwhelmed on Monday and Tuesday when dozens of wounded streamed into the 15-bed, two-storey building. Some were carried on people’s shoulders and others on wooden carts, stretching the hospital’s resources to the limit.
Many medicines ran out, as did oxygen supplies. But the flow of patients didn’t stop, said doctor Mehraj Ekram.
“We were all crying as we treated them. For the rest of my life, I will not be able to shake those days from my mind,” he said. “The brutality with which people had been beaten, it’ll never leave me.”
“At one point, we had to pull the shutters down, because we could not take in more people,” he said, tears welling up in his eyes.

AMBULANCES BLOCKED

M.A. Anwar, a local doctor who set up the hospital two years ago to make up for the lack of good primary care in the area, said the facility was only built to give patients basic initial treatment.
But, as thousands gathered around the hospital on Tuesday, ambulances could not enter to take patients to bigger hospitals, said Anwar.
Amid the cries of worried families, Anwar contacted lawyers who secured a midnight hearing from a High Court bench in Delhi that eventually ordered the police to escort ambulances to the entrance.
Al-Hind had no mortuary. As they got into an ambulance to take the dead bodies away, Anwar said the vehicle was chased by men wielding swords.
“I hope in my life I never have to witness such inhumanity again,” he said.
On Thursday, traumatized families sat at the hospital. Some had lost their homes and livelihoods.
Irshaad, a tailor who uses only one name, sat with his four young children and wife with a small pile of clothes - his house had been burned down.
“Everything is gone,” he said, breaking down. “What will my kids’ future be? I have no documents, nothing to show anymore.”
Slideshow (9 Images)
On the floor below lay 26-year-old Muslim Shabana Parveen, who had given birth after being beaten while heavily pregnant at her home on Tuesday.
She went into labor that day, and a Hindu neighbor took her to safety, she said.
“A mob came into my home and hit me with rods on my stomach. I didn’t think my baby would survive,” she said, as her rosy-cheeked infant yawned beside her. “I don’t know where I’ll go. We’ve lost everything.”
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Devjyot Ghoshal
The Hindu area of Bhajanpura and Muslim quarter of Chand Bagh face each other across a wide thoroughfare running through the northeastern part of India’s capital, New Delhi.
FILE PHOTO: People stand next to the wreckage of motorcycles that were set on fire by a mob in a riot affected area after clashes erupted between people demonstrating for and against a new citizenship law in New Delhi, India, February 26, 2020. REUTERS/Rupak De Chowdhuri/File Photo
After days of deadly riots between members of the two communities, neighborhoods that lived happily together for years are now divided by far more than a road.
Mutual fear and suspicion have replaced generally cordial relations, a change that could make it harder to defuse tensions between India’s Hindu majority and its sizeable Muslim minority that have worsened during months of street protests.
Some residents are trying to understand how a peaceful part of the Indian capital became a battleground virtually overnight.
By mid-week the main road was strewn with broken glass, bricks and the charred remains of destroyed cars.
At least 32 people died in the clashes, hundreds were wounded and buildings were torched in the worst sectarian violence in Delhi in decades. An uneasy calm had settled over the area by Thursday.
“I have lived here for 35 years,” said Santosh Garg, a Hindu who described a narrow escape on Monday when a mob of Muslim men set her house alight.
“I have never had a problem, never had a complaint,” the 52-year-old told Reuters, referring to her mostly Muslim neighbors across the way. “I still can’t understand what happened.”
Garg said she lowered her two grandchildren from a balcony and into the arms of police officers to get them away from the blaze. She herself jumped on to an adjoining terrace.
In the Muslim quarter a few hundred meters away, Rubina Bano said she was at an anti-government demonstration when police fired tear gas to break up the protest and a Hindu crowd started throwing stones.
Bano, who is three months pregnant, said she was beaten by police and needed 20 stitches in her head.
Delhi police did not respond to requests for comment for this story. On Tuesday evening, the force issued a statement saying it was doing its utmost to control the violence and urged people to maintain the peace.

‘WE MUST DEFEND OURSELVES’

Like hundreds of thousands of Muslims across the country, Bano had spent weeks protesting against a new citizenship law that gives non-Muslims from three neighboring countries a fast-track to Indian citizenship.
Many Indians say the law is discriminatory and against the spirit of the country’s secular constitution. The country’s Muslims also fear that a proposed national citizens register could render many of them stateless.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government, which critics say has pursued a stringent pro-Hindu agenda since being re-elected last year, says the new law is necessary to help persecuted minorities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan.
It also denies any bias against India’s Muslim population of more than 180 million people.
When protests began in December, clashes were mostly between anti-government demonstrators and police. At least 25 people died that month, mainly in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
This week in Delhi, the violence was largely between Hindus and Muslims, raising fears that large-scale communal bloodshed that has erupted sporadically since India’s independence could return.
In northeastern Delhi, the risk is clear. Tempers are running high even as riots subside.
Near a badly burned fuel station in Bhajanpura, a group of Hindu men fumed at the damage suffered by their community.
“If this is what the minority can do, wait till you see what the majority can do when it picks up arms,” Ajay Choudhary, a yoga instructor, loudly declared to applause and cheers, as he pointed to burned buildings.
India is 80 percent Hindu, with Muslims making up 14 percent of the 1.3 billion population.
“We had to do something to defend ourselves. They were lusting for blood,” said Ashish, a 21-year-old Hindu student who only gave his first name.

LACK OF TRUST

Faith in the ability of politicians and police to contain the unrest is wearing thin among local residents.
“This is all the work of politicians who don’t want the communities to stay together,” said Bano, injuries visible on her head, arms and legs.
During recent local elections in Delhi, some members of the ruling Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) described the protesters, most of them Muslims, as “traitors”.
Junior finance minister Anurag Thakur encouraged a crowd to chant “shoot the traitors” during a rally.
Amit Shah, India’s home minister and Modi’s right-hand man, criticized the remarks in an interview several weeks after his BJP party was routed in the New Delhi polls.
“These statements shouldn’t have been made. The party has distanced itself from such comments,” Shah said in an interview earlier in February.
On Thursday, another BJP leader, India’s Information and Broadcasting Minister Prakash Javadekar, said it was opposition parties that had fanned the violence during months of protests against the citizenship law.
“This is not about the violence that’s gone on for two days. For two months, people have been provoked,” he said.
Some local residents pointed the finger at the police for failing to do enough to protect them from attack. The Delhi force is controlled by Shah’s Home Ministry.
Kalam Ahmed Khan, a Muslim in Chand Bagh, said police should have done more to prevent the clashes this week.
“All this has happened under the police’s nose,” he said.
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Devjyot Ghoshal
More than a dozen people have been killed and hundreds injured in clashes between opposing groups of protesters in New Delhi, hospital officials said on Tuesday, as riots overshadowed U.S. President Donald Trump’s first visit to India.
    The clashes, the worst in the capital since unrest over a new citizenship law began in December, started at the weekend but turned deadly on Monday. Violence erupted again in multiple areas of northeast Delhi on Tuesday, just miles away from where Trump and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met for talks.
India’s capital has been a focus of unrest against the Citizenship Amendment Act, which makes it easier for non-Muslims from three neighboring Muslim-dominated countries to gain Indian citizenship.
Local TV channels showed huge clouds of smoke billowing from a tire market that had been set ablaze and Reuters witnesses saw mobs wielding sticks and stones walking down streets in parts of northeast Delhi, amid further incidents of stone-throwing.
India’s junior home minister G. Kishan Reddy told Reuters’ partner ANI on Monday that the violence was “a conspiracy to defame India”, at a time when Trump was visiting the country.
Some of those protesting at the citizenship law alleged, however, that Modi’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and its supporters were targeting Muslims and instigating the violence.
“We have no weapons, but they are firing at us,” said Mohammad Shakir, a demonstrator opposed to the law. “This BJP is targeting Muslims. They want to turn India into a Hindu country.”
The Hindu nationalist BJP denies any bias against India’s more than 180 million minority Muslims.
Reuters witnesses at a local hospital spoke with both Hindu and Muslim victims, who were injured in the violence on Tuesday. A few victims on both sides of the violence had suffered bullet wounds, and many had visible injuries on their heads and bodies. Image result for More than a dozen killed, hundreds injured as New Delhi riots overshadow Trump visit
An official at Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital in New Delhi said 13 people had died there and more than 150 injured had been treated at the hospital, many from bullet wounds.
An official at the Al-Hind Hospital in New Delhi said two men had died and over 200 injured had been treated there.
A fire department official said his teams were responding to more than a dozen calls over arson attacks, despite emergency measures prohibiting any gatherings in the violence-hit areas.
    “We have sought police protection as our vehicles are being blocked from entering the affected areas. The situation is very grim,” Delhi Fire Department Director Atul Garg said.
One fire department vehicle was torched by protesters on Monday and a small number of firemen were injured, Garg added.
The joint commissioner of police Alok Kumar said about 3,500 police and paramilitary officers had been deployed.
    Police fired teargas and pellets to scatter demonstrators protesting against the citizenship law in the Jafrabad neighborhood of northeast Delhi on Tuesday. A young man suffered a pellet wound to his thigh, while another sustained injuries to his eyes, leaving his face bloodied.
In New Jafrabad, local residents patrolled the street with sticks and metal rods. 
Two reporters with the local NDTV news channel were attacked and badly beaten by a mob.

    SCHOOLS SHUT, TRANSIT HAMPERED

    On Monday police used tear gas and smoke grenades but struggled to disperse stone-throwing crowds who tore down metal barricades and torched vehicles and a petrol pump.
    Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal appealed for calm.
    “Whatever problems people have can be resolved peacefully. “Violence will not help find a solution,” he said on Tuesday.
India’s Home Minister Amit Shah, who met local officials on Tuesday, urged political parties to avoid provocative speeches that could inflame protesters.
But, on Tuesday, after police cleared an anti-government protest site in northeast Delhi, B. L. Santosh, a leader from Shah’s party called for a harsh response. “The game starts now. Rioters need to be taught a lesson or two of Indian laws,” he said in a tweet.
    Schools in the northeast of the city were shut on Tuesday and at least five metro stations closed.   
    An announcement over a mosque loudspeaker urged protesters to stay non-violent and not attempt to cross police barricades.
    “We don’t have a problem with the police, we are against the government’s law,” the announcer said.
    The Citizenship Amendment Act has sparked accusations that Modi and his BJP are undermining India’s secular traditions. Objectors have staged protests and camped out in parts of New Delhi for two months.
    On Monday, Trump praised India as a tolerant country.
    “India is a country that proudly embraces freedom, liberty, individual rights, the rule of law and the dignity of every human being,” he told a rally of over 100,000 people in Modi’s home state of Gujarat. “Your unity is an inspiration to the world.”
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Devjyot Ghoshal Indian police used tear gas and smoke grenades in New Delhi on Monday to disperse thousands of people demonstrating for and against a new citizenship law just before U.S. President Donald Trump’s maiden visit to the city.
A man supporting a new citizenship law throws a stone at those who are opposing the law, during a clash in New Delhi, India, February 24, 2020. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui
Reuters reporters saw multiple vehicles set on fire, metal barricades torn down and thick smoke billowing as thousands of supporters of the new law clashed with opponents, both sides hurling stones.
India’s capital has been a hotbed of protest against the law, which eases the path to people from neighboring countries to gain Indian citizenship.
This has led to accusations that Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) are undermining India’s secular traditions.
The BJP denies any bias against India’s 180 million-strong Muslim minority, but objectors have been camping out in several parts of New Delhi for two months.
At least half a dozen people were injured in Monday’s violence, with police vastly outnumbered.
Local politician Yogendra Yadav urged police in a tweet to “prevent communal violence”.
The clashes stretched over nearly a kilometer (half a mile) of road and lasted from early afternoon until well into the evening.
The protesters appeared to be divided along religious lines, and some pulled members of the media aside and asked them about their religion.
Monday’s clashes were some of the worst seen in New Delhi since the protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) began in early December.
“We are in support of the CAA. If they want to protest, they should go somewhere else,” said a protester who gave his name only as Amit.
The latest round of violence came just as Donald Trump began his first visit to India as U.S. president, addressing a rally in Modi’s home state of Gujarat.
Trump is due in New Delhi later on Monday, where he will hold talks with Modi about 10 km (six miles) from the scene of the violence.
In Gujarat, Trump told a gathering of more than 100,000 people that “India is a country that proudly embraces freedom, liberty, individual rights, the rule of law, and the dignity of every human being”.
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KOLKATA, India: The chief minister of an Indian state ended a nearly 48-hour street protest against Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Tuesday (Feb 5), saying she would mount a national campaign to oust his ruling Hindu nationalists.

Mamata Banerjee, the chief of West Bengal state, is rallying regional parties and the main opposition Congress to forge an alliance to beat Modi in elections expected in the next couple of months.

On Sunday night, she started a sit-in in central Kolkata, after the police stepped up an investigation into Ponzi schemes in the state that defrauded thousands of small investors, a probe Banerjee says was ordered by Modi to undermine her administration.

Modi's government has denied any wrongdoing and said West Bengal authorities had obstructed investigators and even briefly detained them.

On Tuesday hundreds of supporters cheered as Banerjee announced the end of the protest.

"This dharna (protest) is a victory for the people, victory for the country, victory for the democracy, victory for the constitution. So let us finish it today," said Banerjee, who leads the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC) regional party.
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Some opposition leaders including the chief minister of southern Andhra Pradesh state, N. Chandrababu Naidu, visited her to express support while others said they backed her campaign against Modi.

Elections are due by May and polls suggest Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party is in a tight race against the Congress and regional parties.

West Bengal, which sends the third largest number of legislators to the lower house of parliament, has become a battleground state as the BJP looks to make in-roads in the east to make up for any losses in its northern heartland.

India's Supreme Court earlier on Tuesday asked the state police to co-operate in the federal investigation into the fraud schemes.

"TMC is afraid of the growing influence of the BJP in West Bengal and thus is trying to create a hype through this protest," said Dilip Ghosh, state chief of the BJP.

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India has launched what it says is the world's lightest satellite ever to be put into orbit.

Weighing only 1.26kg (2.6lb), the Kalamsat-V2 was made by students belonging to a space education firm.

It will help ham radio operators and "inspire schoolchildren to become the scientists and engineers of the future", India's space agency says.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) launched the satellite from its Sriharikota space centre.

Isro chief K Sivan has claimed that "Kalamsat is the lightest satellite to be ever built and launched into orbit".

It is also the first to be built by a private Indian firm and launched by Isro.

The celestial unit will serve as a communications satellite for ham radio transmission, a form of wireless communication used by amateurs for non-commercial activities.

An even lighter satellite, weighing 64 grams and built by the same group of students, was launched on a four-hour mission for a sub-orbital flight from a Nasa facility in the US in June 2017. Sub-orbital spaceflights technically enter space, but do not get into orbit.

Kalamsat-V2 was made by students belonging to Space Kidz India, a Chennai-based space education firm.

Srimathy Kesan, chief executive of Space Kidz India, told Indian broadcaster NDTV that the satellite took just six days to make, at a cost of 1.2m Indian rupees ($16,887).

So far nine satellites made by Indian students have found a place on space rockets.

In a first, the Indian space agency is also going to reuse a stage of the rocket that was used to launch the satellite.

Traditionally, rockets are expendable. Their various segments are discarded during an ascent. Fuel is also removed.

They end up as space debris - there are millions of discarded pieces of metal and other materials orbiting the Earth, ranging from defunct satellites to old rocket segments to accidentally dropped astronaut tools. Collisions can cause a great deal of damage, and generate even more pieces of debris.

The satellite was launched by Isro's reliable Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) - a four-stage rocket that on this launch weighs about 260 tonnes.

Its first three segments usually drop back to Earth; its fourth and final stage uses liquid propellants, and can be stopped and restarted several times to get a spacecraft into just the right orbit.

The fourth stage can take the the satellite to a height of 277km (172 miles) above earth.

But Isro gave new capability to the last stage so that it can remain active in space for up to a year.

"Why waste such a valuable resource? We decided to convert [the fourth stage] into an experimental orbital platform to conduct small experiments in space," said Mr Sivan. The PSLV rocket costs upwards of $28m (£21m).

The experimental orbital platform will help researchers carry out experiments in a near zero-gravity environment.

Another satellite - the 740kg Microsat-R - was also taken into orbit by the PSLV. It will be used by India's military to take high-resolution photos of Earth.
Innovative move

In this mission, the last stage of the rocket will be "moved to a higher circular orbit" from where the Kalamsat-V2 is expected to beam down its signals.

"This is the first time Isro is conducting such an experiment to reclaim a dead rocket stage and to keep it alive," Mr Sivan said.

In this new approach, researchers can simply bring in their payloads or experiments which will then be plugged into the equipment bay especially made in the spent rocket.

Isro is the not the first space agency to try this "waste to wealth innovation".

Jean Yves-LeGall, president of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), the French space agency, says they have used it "but did not find it a cost effective way to conduct experiments in space".

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NEW DELHI: Eleven people including two children have died after eating rice that had likely been contaminated with a toxic substance at a Hindu temple ceremony, a health official said on Saturday (Dec 15).

Another 29 people were critically ill and undergoing emergency treatment across various hospitals in Mysore, a city in the state of Karnataka.

"11 people have died so far and 93 others are hospitalised. Out of them, 29 are on ventilator support," said KH Prasad, the health officer for Chamraj Nagar district where the temple is located.

"It is likely that some toxic substance got mixed with the rice. The samples have been sent for forensic testing," Prasad told AFP.

The patients were being treated for vomiting, diarrhoea and respiratory distress, Prasad added.

According to the police, devotees had gathered in large numbers at the Kicchukatti Maramma temple for the consecration ceremony on Friday, after which rice was served as a sanctified offering.

Murugappa, a devotee who was present at the temple, said they were offered tomato rice and flavoured water.

"A foul smell was emanating from the food, but those at the head of the queue consumed the food nonetheless," he was quoted as saying by the NDTV news network.

"A little while later they started vomiting and frothing at the mouth."

Media reports in India said the suspected food poisoning was the result of pesticide contamination but police said it was too early to draw conclusions about the cause.

"We have sent the organs of the dead people and the poisoned food to the forensic laboratory," Geetha MS, a senior police officer in the Chamarajanagara district where the temple is located. "Only after receiving the report can we say what went wrong."

Several crows and dogs were also found dead after eating the food, Geetha told Reuters.

State Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy expressed grief over the incident and announced a compensation of 500,000 rupees (around US$7,000) each to the families of the victims.

India's religious festivals are often badly managed with police and volunteer stewards overwhelmed by the sheer size of the crowds.

A stampede in eastern West Bengal state last year killed six women and 24 people died in a similar incident in Uttar Pradesh state in 2016.

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A seven-year-old Indian girl went to the police after her father broke his promise to build her a toilet.

Hanifa Zaara told the police in a letter that her father had "cheated" her and should therefore be arrested. She said that she was "ashamed" to defecate outside.

Many Indians do no have access to toilets and nearly 500 million defecate in the open, according to Unicef.

Even where toilets have been built, many do not use them.

Hanifa who lives with her parents in Ambur, a town in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, has never had a toilet in her house.

She told BBC Tamil's Krithiika Kannan that a few people in her neighbourhood did have the facility. So she asked her father to build a toilet in their house too. She was in nursery at the time.

"I was ashamed to go outside and I felt bad when people looked at me," Hanifa said. And she was especially motivated after learning in school about the health problems caused by open defecation.

In her letter to the police, she wrote that her father told her he would build the toilet if she topped her class.

"I have been topping my class since nursery," she wrote. "I am in the second grade now. And he is still only saying he will do it. This is a form of cheating, so please arrest him." If not arrest, she added, she wanted the police to at least force him to provide her with a signed letter saying by when he would get her the toilet.

Her father, Ehsanullah, told BBC Tamil he had actually begun building the toilet, but did not have enough money to complete it. He is currently unemployed.

"I asked Hanifa to give me more time but she stopped talking to me because I couldn't keep my promise," he added.

But Hanifa is not sympathetic. "How long can I keep asking him for the same thing? He kept giving me the same excuse about not having enough money. So I went to the police."

On Monday, she went to the police station closest to her school, along with her mother, Mehareen.

"She came with a bag filled with trophies and merit certificates and she arranged them on my desk," police officer A Valarmathi told BBC Tamil. "And then she said, can you give me a toilet?"

Ms Valamarthi says she called Mr Ehsanullah, who rushed to the police station, worried that his wife and daughter were in danger. He says he was shocked to find out the reason he had been summoned.

After reading the detailed letter Hanifa had written, he said she seemed to have learned how to write official letters by watching him.

Mr Ehsanullah often helps villagers fill out paperwork and write letters to local officials and lawmakers.

"I never thought this would backfire against me!" he said.

Hanifa's efforts have won the sympathy and support of the police.

"Her complaint was very honest, so we tried to resolve the issue," officer Valamarthi said.

She alerted district officials who now plan to raise money to build more than 500 toilets in Hanifa's neighbourhood.

"We were very happy to see her complaint. We organise classes in schools to encourage children to ask their parents for toilets at home," city commissioner S Parthasarathy told BBC Tamil.

He said they also want to make her the local face of the national Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Campaign).

The government has set a goal to provide every household with a toilet by 2019, but the work has faced some resistance.

A recent study found that 89% of rural Indians defecate in the open because they do not want to clean toilets or live close to one - an attitude which, researchers say, is "rooted in the social forces of caste and untouchability".

For centuries, the practice of cleaning human waste was a task performed by those from low-caste communities.

Hanifa said she was "very happy" with the result of her letter.

She hadn't been speaking to her father for the last 10 days but the police brokered peace between them: Hanifa and her father finally shook hands.

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NEW DELHI: India’s government faces a tough re-election battle next year but first it must deal with an opponent as wily as any political rival, troops of monkeys that have become a big threat around its offices in New Delhi.
Red-faced rhesus macaques have spread havoc, snatching food and mobile telephones, breaking into homes and terrorizing people in and around the Indian capital.
They have colonized areas around parliament and the sites of key ministries, from the prime minister’s office to the finance and defense ministries, frightening both civil servants and the public.
“Very often they snatch food from people as they are walking, and sometimes they even tear files and documents by climbing in through the windows,” said Ragini Sharma, a home ministry employee.
Ahead of Tuesday’s start of parliament’s winter session, an advisory to members of parliament last month detailed ways they could keep simian attacks at bay. Don’t tease or make direct eye contact with a monkey, the advisory said, and definitely don’t get between a mother and her infant.
The rapid growth of cities has displaced macaques, geographically the most widely distributed primates in the world after humans, driving them into human habitats to hunt for food.
Many in Hindu-majority India revere and feed the animals they consider to be connected to the demigod Hanuman, who takes the form of a monkey.
“This socio-religious tradition of feeding has created a vicious cycle,” said ecology researcher Asmita Sengupta.
“They become used to being fed by humans and lose their sense of fear,” said Sengupta, of the Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment.
“They start actively seeking supplementary food and if we don’t feed them, they turn aggressive.”

’APE REPELLERS’
The monkeys have hardly proved an ally for Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Hundreds of macaques feasting on optic fiber cables strung along the banks of the river Ganges derailed his plan to roll out wifi in his constituency, the crowded 3,000-year-old holy city of Varanasi, in 2015.
Men were hired to swat the monkeys away with broomsticks and slingshots, when then US President Barack Obama toured New Delhi that year, media said.
Some monkey-human encounters have turned tragic.
In 2007, monkeys pushed the deputy mayor of Delhi, S.S. Bajwa, off his balcony to his death. Last month, one of the animals snatched a 12-day-old boy from his mother and killed him in Agra, home to the famed monument to love, the Taj Mahal.
Monkeys have bred rapidly in Delhi and neighboring states as they have protected status, but there is no official estimate of their numbers.
India has tried several strategies to fight the menace.
Several years ago, it brought in larger, black-faced langurs, feared by the macaques, to patrol key areas but that stopped after it became illegal to keep langurs in captivity.
Authorities stumbled on a partially successful solution four years ago, after hiring 40 men to disguise themselves as langurs and squeal monkey-like to try and terrify the macaques away.
“We call them ‘ape repellers’ and they are contract employees,” said a government official, who asked not to be identified. The stratagem works temporarily as the monkeys flee on hearing the calls, but they return once the men depart.
Primatologist S.M. Mohnot recommends sterilization and moving the animals to forests, as well as lifting a ban on their capture for biomedical research and resuming exports of the macaques, as components of a solution.
“The monkey menace can be checked only by a multi-pronged approach,” said Mohnot, the chairman of the Primate Research Center, a federal institute in the western city of Jodhpur.
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NEW DELHI: Indian police said Thursday they have arrested nearly two dozen people on suspicion of defrauding people around the world by sending fake pop-up messages warning them that their computers were infected with a virus and offering to fix the problem at a price.
Police officer Ajay Pal Sharma said those arrested Tuesday and Wednesday posed as representatives of Microsoft and other companies and used their logos.
The arrests were made after input from the US Federal Bureau of Investigation and Interpol, Sharma said. Microsoft was the complainant in the case.
He said those arrested have been running the scam out of call centers in the Indian capital and the neighboring states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh for months.
The pop-up messages prompted victims in the United States, Britain, Australia and other countries to call a phone number shown on their computer screens, he said. They would then be scammed out of money in exchange for supposedly fixing the problem.
Those arrested were mostly people in their 20s and early 30s who quit their jobs in call centers. Police recovered hard drives, servers, laptops, cellphones and computers from them, Sharma said.
In 2016, Mumbai police arrested 70 people for allegedly cheating thousands of Americans. They would call their victims from call centers in Mumbai and tell them that they owed unpaid taxes and should buy prepaid cash cards to settle the debts or face jail.
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Indian authorities will launch a major security operation at the ruins of a 16th-century Babri mosque in Ayodhya, where hundreds of thousands of far-right Hindus are expected to gather on Sunday.

The demonstrators aim to put pressure on the government to build a new Hindu temple on the disputed site.

Constructed in 1528 by order of Babur, the first Mughal emperor of India, the mosque was razed on December 6, 1992, by Hindus who claimed the site was where their deity, Lord Ram, was born.

The incident prompted a series of massive riots which led to the deaths of about 2,000 people across the country.

Local media reported that more than 3,500 Muslims have fled the city before the gathering.

Anil Pathak, the district chief of Faizabad, where the mosque is located, said: "The government will ensure that the event passes off peacefully and the local administration has put in place an elaborate security apparatus."

"No one will be allowed to disturb peace and order in the city," he told the Reuters news agency.

More than 900 extra police and a large number of military, including elite commandos, will be deployed at Sunday's event, Vivek Tripathi, a spokesperson for the Uttar Pradesh police said.
'BJP committed to building Ram temple'

Hindu groups have insisted that there was a temple at the site before the mosque was built in the 16th century, an issue that has caused a permanent fissure in India's social fabric and instilled fear among India's Muslim minority.

"More than 200,000 people will attend," said Surendra Jain, general secretary of the far-right Vishwa Hindu Parishad, which will be holding a religious congregation at the disputed site in Ayodhya.

"We assure everyone ... that not even a twig will be disturbed."

In advance of a general election that must be held by May next year, leaders from Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) - who led the Ram temple movement - have become more vocal in their demand that a new Hindu temple be built.

On Wednesday, the BJP's president said his party was "committed to building the Ram temple in Ayodhya," and would not change its stand.

Ruled by the BJP's Yogi Adityanath, a Hindu hardliner, Ayodhya is in the politically important northern Uttar Pradesh state, which is bigger than Brazil by population, and sends more legislators than any other state to India's parliament.

Adityanath has been repeatedly accused of inciting violence against the country's Muslim minority, who make up around 14 percent of India's 1.3 billion people.

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A grenade flung at a religious gathering exploded, killing three people and injuring 10 others in northern India.

About 500 were in the irankari sect's congregation venue in Punjab's Amritsar district when two youths, with their faces covered, rode to the building, and lobbed the grenade and escaped, a police officer said in a report by the Khaleejtimes.

The venue is near the international airport.

"My heart goes out to victims of the Amritsar bomb blast & their families," Punjab Chief Minister Amarinder Singh posted on Twitter. "My govt will give Rs 5 lakh [$6,965] to the kin of each of the dead and free treatment to injured. Have asked district administration to extend all help."

The attack came in wake of a high alert issued by the Punjab police that six to seven terrorists had entered the state.

"I appeal to the people of Punjab to maintain peace in wake of Amritsar bomb blast," Sing tweeted. "I urge them not to panic and to remain calm. We will not let the forces of terror destroy our hard earned peace."

New Delhi and National Capital Region are high alert after the blast.

Arvind Kejriwal, the Aam Aadmi Party chief and the Delhi chief minister, tweeted: "A cowardly act. We strongly condemn it."
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NEW DELHI: New Delhi’s homeless will be given cotton masks to help them survive in the world’s most polluted major city, officials said Monday, although experts said the basic coverings would be useless against deadly smog particles.
Each winter the capital of 20 million chokes through haze so extreme that levels of airborne pollutants eclipse safe limits by more than 30 times.
The poor and homeless suffer the worst, through constant exposure to a toxic brew of car fumes, factory exhaust and construction dust.
Measures to curb the smog — from reducing heavy goods traffic and firecrackers to banning farmers from using fire to clear their fields — have failed to clear the skies.
Bipin Rai from Delhi’s city government told AFP that 10,000 face masks would be given “to homeless families, women, patients and children as pollution levels are on the rise.”
But experts said these masks offered little to no protection against the most poisonous pollutants in the air — particles known as PM2.5 so small they can penetrate the heart and cardiovascular system.
“These masks are redundant, as fine particles harmful to the human body will not be filtered out,” Vivek Chattopadhyay from the Center for Science and Environment told AFP.
“It is ineffective, and the government should instead offer medically approved masks.”
Rai, from Delhi’s Urban Shelter Improvement Board, defended the scheme.
“Has any expert who is commenting on the masks and their durability tested them? How can they comment on something they’ve not tried,” he said.
Levels of PM2.5 measured by the US embassy in Delhi on Monday showed readings hit 378 — more than 15 times safe limits.
The World Health Organization last year said exposure to air pollution killed 600,000 children around the globe every year.
Tiny particles in the air can be absorbed into the bloodstream and have been linked to chronic bronchitis, lung cancer and heart disease.
The report found that children in poorer countries are far more at risk, with a full 98 percent of all children under five in low- and middle-income countries exposed to PM2.5 levels above WHO air quality guidelines.
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Government officials have recently called for the RBI to relax its lending restrictions on some banks, and New Delhi has also been trying to trim the RBI’s regulatory powers by setting up a new regulator for the country’s payments system.
RBI Deputy Governor Viral Acharya said in a speech on Friday that more needed to be done to ensure effective independence for the central bank in its regulatory and supervisory powers.
He also noted in his address to top industrialists that the Argentine government’s meddling in its central bank’s affairs in 2010 led to a market revolt and a surge in bond yields.
“The risks of undermining the central bank’s independence are potentially catastrophic,” said Acharya, adding that rash moves could trigger a “crisis of confidence in capital markets that are tapped by governments and others in the economy.”
Acharya, who had three of his fellow deputy governors in the audience, also thanked RBI Governor Urjit Patel for his “suggestion to explore this theme for a speech,” in a show of unity from an institution typically known for its restraint.
Finance Ministry spokesman D.S. Malik said he had read Acharya’s statement but declined to comment on it without consulting senior officials. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley was due to speak at a scheduled event in New Delhi later on Saturday, he added.
Government officials have called for the central bank to ease its lending restrictions on some banks that have a low capital base.
The RBI has identified 11 such state-run banks that are barred from lending unless they shore up their capital base after a massive rise in bad debts on their balance sheets.
Separately, the government has been trying to establish a separate regulator for the payments system, which is currently handled by the RBI as part of its functions related to banking regulations. Last week, the RBI published an unprecedented note expressing its opposition to the move.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who faces a re-election campaign early next year, is under pressure as higher international oil prices have driven Indian fuel prices to record highs, leading to protests.
Stock markets, which scaled new highs in August, have since given up all of their gains for the year amid fears of a liquidity crisis among non-banking finance companies (NBFCs), in the aftermath of the IL&FS debacle https://in.reuters.com/article/india-il-fs-copy/government-takes-control-of-infrastructure-group-ilfs-to-stem-contagion-idINKCN1MC072.
Modi’s government has also been mired in allegations over a corruption scandal tied to a military jet deal with France, and this week the government faced opposition protests over its move to suspend the chief of India’s top crime fighting bureau.
Work in progress
Acharya, who is in charge of departments including monetary policy and exchange rate markets, also defended the central bank on its effectiveness following a pile-up of bad debt worth $150 billion in banks. He said that the bank was “statutorily limited” in taking a full scope of actions against state-run banks.
Acharya reiterated the need for a central bank to fortify its balance sheet against external shocks in the face of demands by governments to transfer surplus reserves to its coffers.
Referring to NBFCs, Acharya said that systemic risks can build in shadow banks when important parts of financial intermediation are kept outside the purview of the central bank. He warned this could come at “substantive costs to future generations in the form of unchecked financial fragility.”
While the RBI is not statutorily independent, as the governor is appointed by the government, it enjoys broad autonomy in setting rates. Acharya acknowledged the government’s efforts to bring in legislative changes that allowed setting up a monetary policy committee in 2016 and distancing itself from monetary policy decision-making.
But he said interference by the government in operational areas could erode the credibility of the central bank and push up market yields and weaken the exchange rate.
“Governments that do not respect central bank independence will sooner or later incur the wrath of financial markets, ignite economic fire, and come to rue the day they undermined an important regulatory institution,” he said.
Those “who invest in central bank independence will enjoy lower costs of borrowing, the love of international investors, and longer life spans,” he added.


A top Reserve Bank of India official said on Friday that undermining a central bank’s independence could be “potentially catastrophic,” in comments appearing to push back against government pressure ahead of a general election next year.

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India's huge railway network is notorious for accidents that lead to thousands of deaths each year.

Angry relatives staged a protest on Saturday on the tracks where a speeding train ran into crowds celebrating a Hindu festival, killing around 60 people in northern India.

The Jalandhar-Amritsar express hit scores of revellers who had gathered on the railway tracks on the outskirts of Amritsar city in Punjab state on Friday to watch a firework display.

Many of the victims were dismembered or mutilated beyond recognition and police said it would take several days to complete the identification of the dead.

Some desperate parents went from hospital to hospital in the city on Saturday looking for missing children, while the first funerals of some victims were held.

Hardeep Singh, chief medical officer for Amritsar, told the AFP news agency 59 deaths had been confirmed and 90 people had been injured, with seven in critical condition.

Singh said only 25 bodies had been identified so far. Amritsar's main hospital did not have enough space in its morgue, and some corpses were laid outside.
Train not heard

The disaster led to new demands for safety reforms to India's accident-plagued railway system, which records thousands of deaths each year.

Punjab State Governor VP Singh Badnore said: "Those who need to be punished will be punished and accountability will be fixed."

Scores of protesters, who gathered on the railway tracks, condemned the Punjab state government and demanded action against the driver who was questioned by police on Saturday. Others blocked a nearby road.

Police moved the protesters off the tracks and brought in reinforcements to control a crowd of hundreds that gathered around the scene of the disaster.

Investigators said victims did not hear the train because the drone of the locomotive was drowned out by firecrackers. Another train had narrowly missed the crowds two minutes earlier, officials said.

According to media reports, the driver told police he did not see the revellers until the last second because he had come around a bend in the dark into the firework smoke.

As attempts to apportion blame continued, police said they had given permission for the display of the annual Dussehra festival fireworks, but that organisers did not have approval from the city, health department and fire brigade.

Indian Railways said it had not been informed of the celebration, even though locals said it had been held at the same place for several years.

According to media reports, the organisers - members of the Congress party which rules Punjab - had gone into hiding.

Railway Minister Piyush Goyal returned early from a trip to the United States to go to Amritsar on Saturday. Punjab Chief Minister Amarinder Singh called off a trip to Israel to go to the disaster scene.

India's huge railway network is notorious for accidents.

A 2012 government report described the loss of 15,000 passengers to rail accidents every year in India as a "massacre". The government has pledged $137bn over five years to modernise the crumbling network.

In 1981, seven carriages from a train fell into a river as it crossed a bridge in the eastern state of Bihar, killing between 800 and 1,000 people.

But nearly every month there are accidents involving trains that derail or hit vehicles on crossings.

In April, 13 children were killed when a train hit their school bus. In November 2016, the Patna-Indore express derailed in Uttar Pradesh state in the middle of the night, killing 139 people.
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The city, home of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and located 650km southeast of the Indian capital New Delhi, was named Allahabad by Muslim Mughal rulers in the 16th century.

Its new name, Prayagraj, refers to the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers, the site of the Hindu mega-festival Kumbh Mela, which is to take place in January.

More than 100 million people attended the gathering when it was last held in 2013.

Onkar Singh, a spokesperson for the opposition Congress party, has previously said the name change diminishes the city's role during India's struggle for independence from the British.

He called the city a "centre of inspiration", according to the Indian Express, and noted it was the site of several important meetings between Indian leaders in late 19th century, which he said "gave shape to the freedom movement".

The city's name change comes amid concern over what critics say is a bid by Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu nationalist party to erase the country's diverse history and identity.

Since Adityanath - a priest who has been accused of inciting violence against India's Muslim minority - was appointed to lead UP last year, he has proposed changing several Mughal-era names of buildings in the state.

Last year, he renamed the Mughalsarai Junction Railway Station after Hindu ideologue Denn Dayal Upadhyaya, and proposed to change the names of airports in Bareilly, Kanpur and Agra to ones with Hindu associations.

Muslims make up 19 percent of the state's 220 million population.

Modi's BJP won control of the country's most populous state in March last year, earning the biggest majority in UP for any party since 1977.

India's 1.3 billion people are about 80 percent Hindu and 14 percent Muslim, with the rest made up of Christians, Sikhs and other minorities.

It is officially a secular nation, but the BJP has for years contested elections on a Hindu nationalist platform, with party members in the past being accused of making anti-Muslim statements to polarise Hindu voters.
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Animal rescuers in India used a long ladder to rescue a female leopard that became stranded at the bottom of a 30-foot-deep well.

A video recorded in Maharashtra, India, shows the leopard that villagers found trapped in the water at the bottom of a well.

The video shows members of animal rescue group Wildlife SOS lowering a ladder to allow the leopard to climb into a crate, which they then hoist out of the well.

Rescuers said the leopard was taken to Manikdoh Leopard Rescue Center to recover from the experience.
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